1. Introduction to Topic Selection
The Problem: Many students struggle with topic selection, leading to frequent rejections by supervisors.
The Rule of Sequence: Do not choose a study design (e.g., quantitative, cross-sectional, experimental) before choosing a topic. You must select the topic first; the nature of the topic will dictate the appropriate study design.
2. Pre-Selection Steps: Identifying the Area of Interest
Area of Interest: Choose a field where you currently work, possess knowledge, or face daily issues (e.g., Emergency, Surgical, Gynaecology, Paediatrics).
Problem Identification: Identify a specific "research problem" within that area.
Examples of Topic Determining Design:
Topic: Parent satisfaction with nursing care in a Paediatric unit.
Design: Cross-sectional study (snapshot of data), as no experiment or deep narrative is needed.
Topic: Challenges and issues faced by Nurse Educators.
Design: Qualitative study, as deep information and personal experiences are required.
Topic: Effect of an educational demonstration or medication.
Design: Experimental study, to measure the output or effect of an intervention.
3. The Six Criteria for Topic Selection
Relevance
The topic must align with your specific discipline.
Example: Nursing students should focus on nursing care and patient outcomes rather than general Public Health topics. Lack of relevance is a primary reason for rejection.
Innovation
The study must add new knowledge or value. Do not repeat studies where the literature is already saturated unless using a different approach (e.g., qualitative vs. quantitative).
Process: Conduct a literature review to ensure the topic is not already exhausted in your specific setting.
Feasibility
The population and data must be easily accessible within your available resources and budget.
Example: It is not feasible for a student to collect data from three different countries (e.g., Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka) due to logistical and financial constraints.
Acceptability
The topic must be socially, politically, and culturally acceptable in the community where the research takes place.
Example: A male researcher studying invasive gynecological procedures or breast examinations in a conservative community may not be acceptable.
Cost-Effectiveness
The benefits of the research must outweigh the costs. Avoid high-cost topics with low benefits.
Example: Researching a disease with no treatment or vaccination is not useful. Additionally, students should select data collection sites that do not require excessive travel expenses.
Ethical
The study must adhere to ethical principles: Autonomy, Beneficence (doing good), Non-maleficence (doing no harm), and Justice.
Example: It is unethical to withhold necessary treatment (e.g., antibiotics) from a control group or to hide information from participants.
4. Self-Assessment and Scoring
Before submitting a proposal, evaluate the topic on a scale of 1 to 3 for each of the six criteria:
1 = Average
2 = Good
3 = Excellent
Passing Criteria:
BS Level: A score of approximately 12 or above is usually required for approval.
Master's Level: A score of 15 or above is typically required.
5. Additional Technical Guidelines
Literature Search
Break your topic into keywords (e.g., "Parents," "Satisfaction," "Nursing Care") to find relevant literature on Google Scholar or PubMed.
Title Length
The final research title should not exceed 15 words.